POLITICAL SOCIOLOGY

Sociology 920:290

Paul McLean

 

Department of Sociology

Rutgers University

Fall 2005

 

 

Location and time: Murray Hall 208, TF 11:30-12:50

Office Hours: Lucy Stone Hall, A336; Mondays 9:00-11:00 and by appt.

Phone: 732-445-3705

E-mail: pmclean@rci.rutgers.edu

Website : http://www.rci.rutgers.edu/~pmclean/

 

Political sociology encompasses a truly vast and disparate variety of topics and theoretical perspectives.  As a result, it is hard to find much agreement about just what does or does not belong in a political sociology course.  The areas studied by political sociologists, for example, include political parties, pressure groups, voting behavior, comparative political systems, warfare, democracy and economic development, political elites, political culture, the nature of the state, and the nature of power itself.  Political sociologists today may draw on the conflict- and economy-based view of politics articulated by Marx and his followers, the elite- and organization-based political sociology of Max Weber and Robert Michels and their followers, the political culture- and institution-based view of politics articulated by Alexis de Tocqueville, or any of these perspectives in combination.  Indeed, the lines between these perspectives are blurry. Furthermore, although many political sociologists focus on political structures and political power in the United States today, in fact any number of contemporary or historical cases have been studied to deepen our understanding of how politics works and how political institutions function.  .  This class is designed as an overview of some of the different perspectives and key arguments comprising the field, including both classical texts and contemporary books and articles.

As a discipline, political sociology is close to political science, because both disciplines address issues related to politics.  However, political sociology does differ from political science in a variety of imprecise yet substantial ways.  First, political sociologists often emphasize the relationships between political institutions and other social institutions and groupings—whether kinship, social classes, prestige groupings, or ideologies—rather than study political institutions on their own.  Second, political sociology often tends to have a broader (especially historical) sweep than political science.  Third, political sociologists tend to adopt more narrative and comparative methods of analysis, rather than formal or mathematical ones.  Finally, political sociology is often (though not always) political in a normative and occasionally partisan way—something that is not seen as typically in political science.  Thus political sociologists aim not only to understand political structures, ideas, and processes, but also to critique them.

 

 

Grading and Class Format

 

Your grade in this course will be based on the following requirements: 1) a midterm test to be held in mid-October (worth 25% of the final grade); 2) one 5-page paper, due around the ninth week of the semester (25% of the final grade); 3) participation in classroom discussions (10%); and 4) a final exam (40%).  Failure to take the midterm, hand in the paper, or take the final exam, will result in automatic failure of the course. 

 

 

 

 

I have ordered the following books for this course through the Rutgers bookstore in New Brunswick:

 

1) Alexis de Tocqueville, Democracy in America (Penguin, 2003, trans. Bevan)

2) G. William Domhoff, Who Rules America?: Power, Politics, & Social Change (McGraw-Hill, 2006)

3) Tom Frank, What’s the Matter with Kansas?  (Metropolitan, 2004)

4) Javier Auyero, Poor People’s Politics (Duke, 2001)

 

There are MANY other required readings, but these are available either through: 1) electronic reserve at Alexander library; 2) my website (http://www.rci.rutgers.edu/~pmclean/), which should duplicate the electronic reserve holdings; or 3) JSTOR, the electronic journal article retrieval system.  I will provide more detailed instructions on retrieving these materials as the occasion arises.  You should note, however, that many reserve readings are used in the first few weeks of the course.

 

 

Lecture Schedule and Weekly Reading Schedule

 

Week 1                        Introduction to the Course

 

September 2:    Syllabus distribution, special permission number requests, etc.

 

Part 1: Some Preliminary Considerations Concerning Power

 

Week 2 of RU Semester

 

September 6:       The Three Faces of Power

 

Read: John Gaventa, Power and Powerlessness: Quiescence and Rebellion in an Appalachian Valley, pp. 3-29 (reserve/my website)

 

September 9:       Hobbes’ Atomistic Vision of Power and Its Consequences

 

Read: Thomas Hobbes, Leviathan, author’s introduction, and chs. 10, 11, 13, and 17 (reserve/my website)

 

Week 3 of RU Semester

 

September 13:    The Second, and Especially, Third, Faces of Power: Michel Foucault

 

Read: Michel Foucault, “Lecture Two: 14 January 1976,” pp. 92(bottom)-108 in his Power/Knowledge: Selected Interviews and Other Writings, 1972-1977 (reserve/my website)

 

September 16:     Power as a Social Network Concept

 

Read: Richard M. Emerson, “Power-Dependence Relations,” American Sociological Review 27,1 (February 1962): 31-41. (online through JSTOR)

 

Read: Georg Simmel, “The Triad,” in The Sociology of Georg Simmel, pp. 145-169 (reserve/my website)

 

Read: Domhoff, Who Rules America?: Power, Politics, & Social Change, pp. 217-220

 

Part 2: Classical Political Sociology

 

Week 4 of RU Semester

 

September 20:     Marxism and Neo-Marxists on the State

 

Read: Karl Marx, “The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte,” in The Marx-Engels Reader, ed. Tucker, pp. 594-617 (reserve/my website)

 

Read: Antonio Gramsci, Selections from the Prison Notebooks, pp. 144-53, 167-68, 180(bot)-182(mid), 242-247, and 260-64 (reserve/my website)

 

September 23:     The Shift from Power to Domination and Authority: Max Weber

 

Read: Max Weber, Economy and Society, pp. 53-54, 941-954.  Continue into the second chunk of reading if possible: pp. 212-30, 241-54 (reserve/my website)

 

Week 5           

 

September 27:     Weber on the Types of Legitimate Domination

 

Read: Max Weber, Economy and Society, pp. 212-30, 241-54 (reserve/my website)

 

September 30:     Tocqueville on American Institutions and Political Mores

 

Read: Alexis de Tocqueville, Democracy in America, Volume I: Part I, author’s introduction and chapter 3; and Part II, chapters 7-8

 

Week 6

 

October 4:            Tocqueville on Race, Politics, and the Future in America

 

Read: Alexis de Tocqueville, Democracy in America, Volume I, Part II, ch. 9; pp. 370-6, 398-426, 438-42, 464-70; and conclusion (pp. 479-85)

 

October 7:            Tocqueville on American Political Culture and Moral Sentiments

 

Read: Alexis de Tocqueville, Democracy in America, Volume II, Part I, author’s preface and chapters 9-21; Part II, entire; and Part III, chapters 1-4, 8, 11-12, 17-19

 

Week 7

 

October 11:          Midterm Examination


Part 3: The American Polity

 

October 14:           The Ruling Elite in American Democracy

 

Read: G. William Domhoff, Who Rules America: Power and Politics, Introduction, and chapters 1, 8 and 2

 

Week 8

 

October 18:          Mechanisms and Arenas of Control in the American Political System

 

Read: Domhoff, Who Rules America?, chapters 3, 4, and 5

 

October 21:          Electoral Politics and Recent Voting Patterns in American Politics

 

Read: Domhoff, Who Rules America?, chapters 6 and 7

 

Week 9

 

October 25:           Contemporary Conservatism in America

 

Read: Thomas Frank, What’s the Matter with Kansas? How Conservatives Won the Heart of America, Introduction and chs. 1, 2 (pp. 43-59 and 62-7 only), and 5

 

October 28:           More on Conservatism, and Thinking about Wedge Issues

 

Read: Thomas Frank, What’s the Matter with Kansas? How Conservatives Won the Heart of America, chs. 6, 8, 9, 10, 12, and Epilogue

 

Week 10

 

November 1:        Bringing Tocqueville Up to the Present, and Back to the Past:

                             Social Capital, and 19th Century American Associations

 

Read: Robert D. Putnam, “Bowling Alone: America’s Declining Social Capital,” Journal of Democracy 6,1 (1995):65-78 (reserve, or http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/journal_of_ democracy/ v006/6.1putnam.html)

 

Read: Jason Kaufman, For the Common Good?American Civic Life and the Golden Age of Fraternity, introduction and chapter 4 (reserve/my website)

 

November 4:     American Political Culture Today

 

Read: Katherine Cramer Walsh, pp. 1-3, 9-11, 46-52, 91-100, 113-116, 152-3, 156-64 (reserve/my website)

 

Read: Nina Eliasoph, “‘Close to Home’: The Work of Avoiding Politics,” in Cultural Sociology, edited by Lyn Spillman, pp. 130-140 (reserve/my website)

 

Week 11

 

November 8:         The Extraordinary Origins of the American Welfare State

 

Read: Edwin Amenta, Bold Relief: Institutional Politics and the Origins of Modern American Social Policy, introduction and chapter 3 (reserve/my website)

 

 

Part 4: Looking Beyond America for Critical Political Dynamics

 

November 11:       An Historical Study of Political Elites

 

Read: Paul McLean, “Widening Access While Tightening Control: Office-Holding, Marriages, and Elite Consolidation in Early Modern Poland,” Theory and Society 33:167-212 (reserve/my website)

 

Week 12

 

November 15:       Clientelism in Urban Politics

 

Read: Javier Auyero, Poor People’s Politics: Peronist Survival Networks & the Legacy of Evita, pp. 1-13, 89-110, 119-136

 

November 18:       The Client’s Point of View in Urban Politics

 

Read: Auyero, Poor People’s Politics, chapter 5 and “Conclusions”

 

Week 13

 

November 22:       NO CLASS—RUTGERS FOLLOWS A WEDNESDAY SCHEDULE

 

November 25:      THANKSGIVING RECESS

 

Week 14

 

November 29:       Democracy and Development: Is There a Connection?

 

Read: Adam Przeworski et al., Democracy and Development: Political Institutions and Material Well-Being in the World, 1950-1990, pp. 1-7, 36-51, 78-83, 87-90, 92-109, 136-7, 269-78 (reserve)

 

December 2:          Nationalism as National Character, versus Nationalism as Discourse

 

Read: Rogers Brubaker, Citizenship and Nationhood in France and Germany, Introduction and chapter 4 (reserve/my website)

 

Read: Rogers Brubaker, Nationalism Reframed: Nationhood and the National Question in the New Europe, pp. 13-21 (reserve/my website)

 


Week 15

 

December 6:       Thinking About Political Violence

 

Read: Roger D. Peterson, Understanding Ethnic Violence: Fear, Hatred, and Resentment in Twentieth-Century Eastern Europe, chapters 2 and 6 (reserve/my website)

 

December 9:      Social Scientists Tackle 9/11

 

Read: Craig Calhoun, Paul Price, and Ashley Timmer, eds., Understanding September 11, selections by Juergensmeyer and Keohane (reserve/my website)

 

Week 16

 

December 13:      no new readings; review and question period

 

 

FINAL EXAM:

THURSDAY, DECEMBER 22, 12:00-3:00 p.m., MURRAY HALL 208